Expressão de marcadores de proliferação celular e apoptose no carcinoma espinocelular da pele e ceratose actínica

Abstract

The skin cancer is the most frequent type of human cancer and shows an increase in its incidence in recent years, making it an important public health problem worldwide. In many cases before the onset of carcinoma install a precursor lesion, actinic keratosis, which can develop into squamous cell carcinoma. Considering the increase of new cases and relapses frequent, studies have been intensified in order to determine the parameters with prognostic significance in predicting those tumors which have more aggressive behavior, and can develop metastases. The objective was to evaluate the expression of markers of cell proliferation (PCNA, Ki-67) and apoptosis (p53,Bc1-2) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis. We studied samples from 30 patients, ten patients of squamous cell carcinoma, ten with actinic keratosis and ten samples free of lesions underwent blepharoplasty. The p53 protein was expressed in all cases with different quantitative patterns. The Bcl-2 was expressed at low intensity in six cases of actinic keratosis in the skins of blepharoplasty and negative in cases of squamous cell carcinoma. The PCNA showed intense expression in all samples. The Ki-67 showed variable expression in cases of keratosis and carcinoma and negative in the skin of eyelid. In conclusion the intensity of expression of PCNA, Ki-67, P53 and Bcl-2, associated with other indicators such as histopathological analysis and clinical presentation, provides information on the likely progression, leading to a more secure diagnosis of malignancy.