Transformação do estado e políticas públicas educacionais no século XXI

Abstract

This study has as its central theme the transformation of the State and the educational public policies in the 21st century in Brazil. In detriment to the influence of the international changes that contributed to the construction of the scenario in the country, the study focuses on the policies of accountability, since they have a great impact on the transformations of the educational systems, as far as the original economic and social structures are concerned Of socio-political systems in their historical course, as well as the processes of evaluation of education. As a hypothesis, the state is perceived as the product of its society and, therefore, becomes a function of the social changes derived from its structural dialectics. After the historical and theoretical contextualization, through the formation of the Brazilian State, of its public policies and educational management models, one starts to deepen the analysis of public policies from Kingdon's multiple flows model. Articles published in nineteen scientific journals representing the Sociology of Education in Brazil between 2000 and 2014 were investigated. The base initially consisted of 5,792 articles on education, sociology and related fields. The articles were classified according to the classification of the articles (qualis B2, B1, A2 or A1) and with plural approaches, in order to diversify the analysis proposed here. After successive selections, 47 representative productions of the reflection on the object were identified, with special attention to the changes of the State and / or the educational field and the interpretations given to the changes observed in order to promote the reforms and new agendas. In addition, the whole analysis had as parameter the three flows of actors and questions in the public policy formulation process: that of the problems, the policies, solutions or alternatives established by the Kingdon Multiple Flow Model. The objective was to reach and enable the identification of the interpretations that authors present through the current patterns of educational policy changes, implemented through the implementation of several public policies, especially observing and recording the paradigm shift that has occurred in recent times. The study concluded that since the beginning of the formation of the Brazilian State the country has suffered strong ideological and economic influences, and the recent governmental protocols is associated with the combination of conjunctural problems, proposals on the protocol, with their respective arguments instructed by different actors and fields, and The political conditions, elements that mark the analysis of multiple flows and proved adequate for the analysis of the object.