Por que as pessoas votam? Uma abordagem perspectiva do comparecimento eleitoral do juizforano nos três níveis do executivo do Brasil entre 1996-2014

Abstract

The study proposes the idea of an Onto-Sociology concept starting from the compared analysis of the electoral behavior in the city of Juiz de Fora and of other important municipal districts, in the elections for the Executive branch in Brazil in the period of years 1996 – 2014. Such study intended to prove that the electoral behavior of the “Juizforano” can be examined under any of the variable components of the electoral action. The purpose is to demonstrate that: “To Appear to Vote,” in some way might indicate that a voter accepts the electoral political system, since he/she feels included in the societal benefits. "To Abstain”, on the other hand, might indicate that such voter feels excluded from the benefits provided by the society of which he/she is included. "To Validly Vote" would represent to agree in some shape or form with the electoral lists. "To Null Vote" might indicate he/she disagrees with the same lists, while “To Cast a Blank Vote" could be due to fear of making an electoral choice. Thus the proposition of the concept of an Onto-Sociology due to the aforementioned results. Upon researching the literature and following the trends of socio-political studies, the thesis ultimately steered toward proposing a new concept, expanding on from "Electoral Alienation", but along with, that of "Electoral Effectiveness," hence reshaping the idea of electoral engagement. The research still provided the opportunity to redefine the concept of voting behavior. Therefore, to "Appear to Vote" and to "Validly Vote" or to "Null Vote" can be understood as "Acceptance of the Electoral Lists", because in some way the voter is a beneficiary of the dividends produced by society, situation in which the electorate agrees with the electoral political system. On the other hand, to "Abstain” or to "To Cast a Blank Vote" would demonstrate "Rejection to the Electoral Lists", because it represents the social exclusion of that voter profile, in that the voter denies the adopted model. The study still proposes the idea of a continuum that sprawls across between political sophistication and social destitution. The first pole would represent the active, inquisitive citizen, thus politically active, while the second pole is represented by the citizen that for some reason not only refrains from the electoral processes but has potentially abandoned / been abandoned by the community social ties and therefore wanders along without any kind of civic participation. The result is the possibility that the reach of the proposed electoral indexes might interfere with the analysis of the parliamentary fragmentation and in the consequent analysis of the political stability of the country, given the current configuration of the political-electoral system, with specific proportional representation. The construction of ideal-typical models of Primary Political Groups and Secondary Political Groups, thought to contain the primeval political motivations, thus determines the "concept" and it concludes the thesis.