Hipermilitarização e paramilitarização: novos paradigmas ou novas bandeiras de propaganda da segurança pública?

Abstract

The present research is devoted to study the phenomenon of paramilitarization and hypermilitarization of public security agencies in recent years in Brazil. To do so, we resort to the similar process in the United States with the creation of SWAT in the 1960s and its gradual shift from a specialized force to crisis cases for an ordinary policing force used in situations not foreseen in its initial planning. We worked on two fronts on this phenomenon in the Brazilian police: that of hypermilitarization in the military police as an effect of the rise mainly of the BOPE of Rio de Janeiro to the status of elite police and the most modern one in terms of urban policing; the paramilitarization of the municipal guards, which takes place more of an aesthetic form than in fact with the creation of forces in the North American molds. In the scope of the methodology, we use an approach of Michel Foucault’s concept of discourse made by the called Visual Methodologies. It is an approach that aims to use some aspects of the Foucault’s concept for the analysis of images and the basic question of the performance. On the other hand, we propose the creation of a theory based on data analyzed using the so-called data-based theory of Anselm Strauss. Finally, we focus on the issue of hypermilitarization / paramilitarization as a fetish purchased by the population and efficiently instrumentalized as a banner of political propaganda.