Composição centesimal, bioativos e capacidade antioxidante de Butia capitata

Abstract

Introduction: Butia capitata is a palm tree native from the Brazilian Cerrado, whose fruit is consumed raw. The objective was to determine the physical characteristics of the fruit, centesimal composition, bioactive and antioxidant activity. Materials and methods: Fruits obtained in Cerrado, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Diameter, height and weight were evaluated. The analyzes were carried out on pulp and almond. The moisture was analyzed by gravimetry after oven drying, ashes by calcining in a muffle furnace, proteins by the Kjeldahl method, gravimetric lipids after extraction in ethyl ether, carbohydrates by difference and total energy value by conversion factors. Vitamin C, E and carotenoids were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), minerals by inductively coupled plasma atomic absorption spectrometry, Folin Ciocalteu solution phenolic compounds, anthocyanins by spectrophotometry and antioxidant capacity by the Radical DPPH. Results and discussion: The fruits presented good pulp yield (68.59%), which has a high lipid content (3.42 g.100g -1 ) and total energy (83.34 kcal.100g - 1 ). The pulp contains β-carotene (8.56 mg.100g -1 ), vitamin E (121.07 mcg.100g - 1 ) and high concentrations of vitamin C (53.57 mg.100g -1 ), total phenolics (493, 6 mg.100g -1 ) and copper (1.80 mg.100g -1 ). Almond has a high value of total energy (457.72 kcal.100g -1 ), vitamin E (1594.39 mcg.100g -1 ) and minerals Cu (2.40 mg.100g -1 ) and Mo (0.9.100g -1 ). Conclusion: The fruits presented good pulp yield and high energy values. The pulp is a source of carotenoids, vitamin C, copper and total phenolics, both natural antioxidants.