Execução penal, penas alternativas e reabilitação do criminoso: uma análise da implementação política e do controle do crime, em Juiz de Fora

Abstract

This thesis sought a analysis of the rehabilitation process of criminals convicted of theft crime – what is the political action aimed at an individual convicted of a nonviolent crime in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. We seek the understanding of the role of criminal enforcement network to establish an analytical description about the gaps found between the State planning (both at federal level as at state level) for the criminal policy and the implementation of their proposals. We propose an analysis of the participation of the three spheres of executive power, as well as the articulation between the Secretaries, in the process of the criminal rehabilitation, consisting of preventative strategies and corrective strategies. During the research project, however, we maintain our focus of analysis on corrective actions, i.e., in the process of criminal enforcement in implementation while criminal policy towards criminals rehabilitation. We understand that the criminal rehabilitation is not a result, but a process to be promoted, exclusively, by the State. This process involves technical issues and political issues, both under discussion during this thesis. We refer to our discussion by non-violent criminal, convicted of a crime recognized by interviewees as "permeated by a high rate of specific recidivism", i.e., recurrence in the same type of crime. We take as a benchmark for our analysis the program offered by the State of Minas Gerais for the prevention of recurrence as well as the impact of punitive strategies offered to such individuals. In our discussion we oppose the rehabilitation not exactly at the incapacitation, but at the production of delinquency; and identified it as a localized process in the government‟s action, i.e., in the field of public policy. We understand the rehabilitation process as an alternative to the sentence, which interrupts the possible formation of criminal careers.