Ajuste linear: uma aplicação à Física

Abstract

The main purpose of this Project was to study a way of approaching Adjustment of Curves, using mathematical knowledge common to High School. Precisely it proposes doing the Linear Adjustment of three types of functions, y = ax, y = x + b and y = ax + b, always basing on a physical experiment, exploring the Ordinary Least Squares and the concepts of maximum and minimum of squaring function in order to find the coefficients values a and b from the polynomial function of first degree which models better each experiment. Algebraic deductions of formulas are presented with which are determined the coefficients of the straight lines that will be used as linear model for the experiment. In addition, it was used tools from Geogebra, determining the visual relation among the obtained points, the parable and the straight line. The developed activities showed that it is possible for the high school teacher do introduce in his programmatic content the Mathematical Modelling, articulating theory and practice, working interdisciplinary and with contextualization.