Angústia, culpa e sublimação: caminhos para uma interpretação psicanalítica da commedia de Dante

Abstract

Dante Alighieri's poem, Commedia, had been the object of analysis of several hermeneutical currents. Throughout our master's research we could verify that most of the interpretations are given through figural analysis. What we did on our "path to metapsychological interpretation" was to analyze, through the concept of anguish developed by Freudian psychoanalysis, defense mechanisms at play, such as sublimation. The defensive processes are characteristic of certain neuroses, and thus can be observed in the states of division of the Self, where the displacement tends to obey the needs of this front to the parental instances (superego), resulting in "dependence relations of the Self", in which the guilt manifests itself. When we return the figural sense to its displacement, that is, to its primitive sense, we could see that Virgilio and Beatriz are mnesic symbols that point to Dante's abandonment to parental instances. In this sense, we reflect on Dante's desire to return to the source of his baptism and the relationship of this desire with his exile.